Gas-compressor.



l.. BLOCK.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION man emv. so. wxs.

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Pmenmdept. M, i917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

may i Y u www@ L. BLOCK.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATIONJILED Nov. so. 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. BLOCK.

`GAS COMPRESSOR. `APPLICATION FILED Novl 3o. 1915.

l. SSM Patented Sept. l1, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

a. ira

Louis encon, or mantenernos, new Yoan.

,eascossoa aesasea The stufling-box usually employed forpack-` ing suchjoints is objectionable because of the friction induced when the packingis tightly compressed to seal the joint eiiciently, and because of theloss of gas by leakage throu h the joint if the packing be sulhcientlyre axed to permit easy move-Y ment. Changes in temperature, wear, andother factors render it extremely diiiicult to maintain the packinguniformly in the required relation to the moving part.

The object of this invention is to eliminate the stuiiing-boX andprovide 'means whereby the joint between the cylinder-head and piston-rod, orother moving part, may be eectually sealed against the escapeofgastherethrough, with a minimum of friction between the fixed andmoving parts, and to provide means for receiving and leading to thelow-pressure or suction side' of the comstructed in accordance with theinvention.

Fig. 2 is a section on a larger scale and partly in elevation, showing adetail of- Fig.

Fig. 3 is a section corresponding to a portionof Fig. 1 and shows amodification.

Fig. 4 is a vertical axial section showing the invention applied to asingle-acting vertical compressor. f

Specincation of Letters Patent.

Patentes sept. ai', aait.,

Application iled November 30, 1915. Serial No. 64,255.

Fig. 5' is a vertical central section, partly in elevation showing apair of compressors of the single-acting inclosed type to which theinventlon is applied in a modified form.

Fig. 6 is an end view of the shaft in Fig. 5.

' Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the gures.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, A. is the compressor cylinder having a rearhead B and `front head C, containing a piston D arranged to bereciprocated in the cylinder asy usual by a piston-rod E, and equippedwith suction and delivery valves and other usual essentials, not shown.v

On the cylinder head C is a tubular eX- tension F flanged exteriorly atthe outer end to receive a corresponding flange on a tubularpiston-guide G extending inwardly, fitted to and snugly inclosing thepiston-rod ll with liberty for the latter to reciprocate therein, anditself inclosed by the extension F but with an annular space f betweenthese parts.

ln the annular space f thus provided between the extension F and guide Gis received a sleeve H mounted axially on the piston, surrounding thepiston-rod but separated therefrom, as shown, and reciprocating with thepiston.

Gas received in the front end of the cylinder through the suction-valve,not shown, fills the s ace outside the sleeve H and is compressed. asusual by the forward movement of the piston but is held away from thepiston-rod and the joint between the latter and the guide B by theintervening sleeve. The sleeve is provided with enterior packing-ringsJ'serving to pack the joint between the sleeve H and extension F, andany gas escaping through such joint 1s received in the space f which isconnected by a pipe K t0 a receiver L in communication with thesuction-side of the compressor through a pipe M controlled by acheckvalve N. At

the bottom of the receiver is a blow-0F cock R.

The-receiver L contains gas normally at the pressure in the suction-sideofthe system and provides a chamber to which gas in the space fmay bedriven and again withdrawn by the reciprocations of the sleeve H withoutcreating excessive changes in pressure, and insures against theformation of a vacuum in the space f. if the accumulation of gas in thachamber L becomes sufficient to be compressed by the forwardreciprocathan that of the suction-side, the chec eater alve N lifts andthe excess escapes to the suctionside, thus maintaining the pressure in'the tion of the sleeve H to apreure receiver L and space f atapproximately that i of such suction-side. ,l Y

As the pressure in the space f is normally that of the suction-side ofthe system, the

leakage of gas from such space throughA the long close annular jointbetween the sleeve I-I and guide G, packed by the rings 71 will be verysmall andis received in the annular space e surrounding the piston-rodE. -This space is alternately increased and diminished by thereciprocations ofthe piston, and isv incommunication through thepassages a, b and c with a chamber d cored in the piston, containing gasat the low pressure of the suction-side and serving the s ame functionas the receiver-L above described, in preventingA the formation of avacuum in the space e and in affording a compartment or recess intowhich any gas in the space e may be driven at each forward movement ofthe piston.'

A self-closing valve P located in the passage b is 'subject to thevarying pressures of gas'in the space e is being forced into the gas inthe rear end of the cylinder, alternating from suction pressure at oneend of the strokev to the highpressure of delivery at thepother; whenthe pressure in the space e and chamber d exceeds that of the suction-lside, the valve P lifts and permits such excess to escape to thecylinder during the suction'stroke of the piston, at which time thechamber d by the approach ,of the piston to the end of the guide l -Thusthe pressure in the space' e is held at approximately that of thesuction-side, and

f gas under delivery pressure is never in dicompletely relaxed while thecompressor is running, and tightened only when the compressor 1s stopped-to guard against slow leakage during thev idle period. v

,In the single-actingl vertical compressor artially shown in Fig. 4, thehollow hub or oss of the piston D1 rovides a chamber al1 I into whichleakage rom the space e1 be- Aeo tween the piston-rod E1 and sleeve H1may ilow and escape through the valve P1 to the suction chamber ofthecompressor, andthe leakage to the space f1 between the guide G1 andextension F1 lows to the receiver L1 and througlf the pipe M1 past thecheckvalveull1 to the suctlon-side. The aetionia 1,2s9,see

similar to 'that' above describedpand thisl form may if'preferred beequipped with a stuflingbox as a precautionary measure to be vemployed'when the Vmmpressor is idle.

The cubic contents of the chambers d and t d1 preferably should exceedlthe capacity'of the spaces e and e1, and the receivers L and L1preferably should exceed in capacity the cubic contents of the spaces fand f1, so that if the extensions F and F1, guides E and E1, and sleevesH and H1 are so proportioned as to 'practically fill such spaces at eachreciprocation of the pistons D and D1 the gas in such spaces maybedriven into the chambers and receivers without an excessive increase ofpressure, and again flow to the spaces on the return stroketo avoid avacuum therein. I

In the inclosed type of compressor partially illustrated in Fig. 5 thebearingfor the shaft S is lengthened to form an extension F2 and guideG2, shown as cast integra1ly, and provided with an annular recess f2vreceiving a sleeve l-I2 secured fto and revolving with 'the shaft and,performing the same function as the sleeves H and -H1 above described.A stuliingboxl yQ1 maybe provided to guard'against leakage when thecompressor is not running.

In al1 the forms shown thevjoint between.

the fixed parts and the moving member, whether the latter be apiston-rod as in Fi land 4 or a shaft as in Fig.` 5,` can neversubjected to any pressure higher than the low pressure of the suctionside ofthe system.

I claim A v 1. In a compressor of the .character set forth, thecombination of a movable meml ber actuating a compressor piston, alfixedguide inclosing'such member, and means inclosing such member and guideand moving with such member in gas tight contact with said guide forexcluding gas from the joint between said guide and member.

2. Ina compressor ofthe character set forth, the' combination of amovable mem-v ber actuating a compressor piston, a fixed l guideinclosing suchmember, a fixed extension inclosing said guideandseparated therefrom, and a sleeve carried by such n movable member andreceived in the space between said guide and extension in gas tightcontact with said guide.` f

t 3. In a compressor, the combination of a piston, a piston-rod thereon,a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and se a-A- `v ratedtherefrom, and means coacting `wlth said sleeve for isolating saidpiston-rod from contact' with the gas in the compressor.

et. Ina compressor, the .combination of al cylinder-head, a tubularextension thereon, a xed guide for the latter within said extension, aplston, a plston-rodv hereon, an

a sleeve on said piston movngwith thelat- 13'0 menace a ter andinclosing said piston-rod and received between'sald extension and guideand matching to and received in said extension.

5. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubularextension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially ofsaid extension, a tubular guide iny closing said piston-rod and carriedby and separated from said extension, and a sleeve on said pistoninclosing said piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged toreciprocate in the annular space between said extension and guide.

6 In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubularextension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially ofsaid extension, a tubular guide inclosing said piston-rod and carried byand separated from said extension, and a sleeve on said piston inclosingsaid piston-rodand separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocateinthe annular space between said extension and guide, and a passageleading from such space to the suction-side of the compressor. v

7. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubularextension thereon,

a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, atubular guide inclosing said piston-rod and carried byand separated fromsaid extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod andseparated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate in the annular spacebetween said ex,- tension and guide, a receiver, a pipe leading fromsuch space to said receiver.

8. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubularextension thereon, a piston, a piston-rodthereon extending axially ofsaid extension, a tubular guide inclosing said piston-rod and carried byand separated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosingsaid piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate inthe annular space between said extension and guide, a receiver, a pipelead-A ing from s'uch space to said receiver, a delivery pipe leadingfrom said receiver to the suction-slde of said compressor, andacheckvalve in said delivery pipe.

v9. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubularextension thereon,

a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, atubular guide inclosing said piston-rod and carrie 'by and separatedfrom said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod.and separated therefrom, and arranged to recipsage.

- above set forth I aix closing said piston-rod and carried by andseparated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing saidpiston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reclprocate in theannular space between said extension and guide, said piston having achamber therein and a passage leading from the space between saidpiston-rod and sleeve to said chamber. I

11. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubularextension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially ofsaid extension, a tubular guide 1nclosing said piston-rod and carriedrbyand separated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosingsaid piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate inthe annular space between said extension and guide, said piston having achamber therein and a passage leading from the space between saidpiston-rod and sleeve to said chamber, and a delivery passagefrom thelatter to the opposite face of the plston, and a self-closing valve insald dellvery pas- '12. In a compressor, the combination of acylinder-head, a. tubular extension thereon, a piston, a piston-rodthereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular guide 1n-`closing said piston-rod and carried by and separated from saidextension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod andseparated therefrom, and arranged to reclprocate in the annular spacebetween sald e'xtension and guide, and packing rmgs on said sleevebetween the latter and said extenslon.

13. In a compressor, the combinatlon of a cylinder-head, a tubularextension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially ofsaid extension, a tubular gulde 1nclosing said piston-rod and carrie byand I'separated from saidr extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosingsaid piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate inthe annular space between said extension and guide, and packmgrmgs onsaid guide between the latter and said sleeve.

In testimony that I clalm the mventlon my signature. v

LOUIS BLCK.

